Autoimmune diseases
Rituximab has been shown to be an effective rheumatoid arthritis treatment in three randomised controlled trials and is now licensed for use in refractory rheumatoid disease.[7] In the United States, it has been FDA-approved for use in combination with methotrexate (MTX) for reducing signs and symptoms in adult patients with moderately- to severely-active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have had an inadequate response to one or more anti-TNF-alpha therapies.
There is some evidence for efficacy, but not necessarily safety, in a range of other autoimmune diseases, and rituximab is widely used off-label to treat difficult cases of multiple sclerosis,[8] systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune anemias.[9]...
Other autoimmune diseases that have been treated with rituximab include autoimmune hemolytic anemia, pure red cell aplasia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP),[11][12] Evans syndrome,[13] vasculitis (for example Wegener's Granulomatosis), bullous skin disorders (for example pemphigus, pemphigoid), type 1 diabetes mellitus, Sjogren's syndrome, and Devic's disease,[14] and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.[15]
A new study from Norway suggests that rituximab (together with methotrexate) might help patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.[16] A clinical trial is ongoing.[17]
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