Well, I really do not know how it works, but it does! I guess call them and ask the people who make it how it works, I just know Chico is a rotti, and he has lots of urine when he has an accident, and I swear I did not even wipe this stuff, or the urine up after I sprayed it... i got it at my local vets office after telling him about the problems i had with potty training him, the bottle was $14 I think and I still have a good amount left.