I'm going to disagree with just about all suggestions made thus far.

"Time outs" will do nothing. The less interaction puppy has with you, the more fustrated it will become. I currently have two dogs (1 yr, and 8 months). The older one never did take to crates, and went nuts in them. The younger one thought the crate was a neat place to be. Thus the older one would have been tramatized by a "time out" or at the very least too busy crying. The younger one probably would have enjoyed it.

Neither will an abundance of toys over load a puppy. A puppy's attention span is so short that an abundance of toys means most toys will be bypassed. In fact you will find they will pick out 1-2 favorite play toys, and leave the rest more or less alone. The alternative to toys is becoming bored with associated distructive (chewing) behaviors.

A key clue to all of this is that you say the puppy is never aggressive towards your mother. Obviously your mother is the Alpha dog, whereas you in the mind of the puppy are something else. Although another poster suggested tapping on the nose (while presumably using the other hand to grab under the throat), that tends to work best on dogs past 1 yr- and it is an extremely effective alternative to mouthing your dog- yuk. But a puppy tends to be too squirmy to even pay attention. Especially one trying to nip at you.

Since I stated up front I'm not into new age doggy parenting the methodology I will suggest is a little bit more physical.

Case 1: If puppy comes over and starts nipping at you, your response is to whack it on the nose preferably with a paper, with a loud NO! Thou shalt not bite human parts! You can not let it even play nip at you.

Case 2: Puppy growls at you when you go to take something away from it. Whack a folded ( 1 section only) paper on your hand to produce as loud of a crack sound as possible, and a loud NO! The sound is the most important part. It will surprise said puppy to the extent that you should be able to reach down and take away the rawhide bone or whatever it is you wish to remove. If puppy snaps at you, the paper ends up on it's nose, or side (but never hips).

Basically your puppy is trying to wiggle into the Beta position behind your mother as the 2nd puppy in the pack. Don't let it. That's why the modern day time out just won't cut it. It does nothing to establish pack authority.

Each puppy's personality is different and you have to adjust your response to their behavior. My older one (most likely abused in its first 3.5 months of her life) almost has a nervous breakdown when I yell at it. The younger one wags his tail at me when I yell at him (got him at 6 weeks). Obviously I tend to try to be more passive with my correction of the older one. If I remember your original post you have a golden which tends to be a layed back personality, and should be very responsive to correction- once you get past this dominance pack issue.