If you want a somewhat "protective" dog, a golden would not be it. You are also describing a lab, in my opinion. Although they are not very protective either. So, a lab or a golden is what I would think your best bets would be.

Yes, goldens do shed. I have a slickerbrush, and a shedding rake. Both work good for me (and of course on my collie! she has more grooming supplies though. )

Anymore questions? I'm happy to answer!