1st cats are nocturnal, so it is natural to be more active at night.
2nd some cats are simply more vocal than others.
3rd it sounds like they'd be happier with you in your room than locked out, so if this is possible, I'd let them in, or keep the door ajar
4th they have figured out that when they meow, you feed them or let them in. In other words they are training YOU.

I doubt either the declawing or the broken foot are to blame......unless tehy are in pain..