If you are scared, this cat knows it. You are interfering with his person and he is used to ruling her and the territory. Then along comes you... Try to think like the cat. He is in competition with you and if you were another cat would be doing his best to drive you from the territory or at least make sure you knew you place as lower in the order than he is...
Be firm and do not back down. You might practice learning to hiss and yowl and when he starts in, turn and be bigger and louder than he is. (I usually have crouched and arched my paw ready to swat too, but you might, at this point actually have him come at you and if you aren't used to cats, you could get hurt.) cat bites are no joke and this cat is being aggressive because it feels threatened on some level. At this point your partner should be affectionate to you first and then to the cat...firmly putting the order in place. You should be gracious to the cat and move toward mutual tolerance whuich may turn to affection. This must be an uncomfortable situation for all of you and, if you have tried time and patience you should not have to be afraid of eah other. Establishing yourself as a power that is strong but not going to abuse should help everyone feel better.
Did your partner have a previous partner that was 1. mean to the cat, or 2.a favorite of the cat? In either case, my advice still stands but may give the cat added reason to want you gone. The same goes if the cat has witnessed his person in an abusive previous relationship...cats often collect baggage and try to help their people. In that case, again my advice stands but be very sure the cat sees you being gentle and nurturinng toward your partner...brush her hair while she pets the cat... it will be a catlike grooming activity that will help establish positive bonds within the "colony." If the cat will play laser-light chase with you ar any non-contact fun, try that. Catnip in some cats can make aggressive behavior stronger, so for now, I'd avoid it if I could. (Obviously if he has a favorite toy, don't take it.)
Hope you all work it out....
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