This is why any cat that is with me is indoor only. I understand that's not always possible, but it's the best way to ensure your cats safety.
I am currently taking care of my friends cat and he was outdoor when he was with her. Not here. No exceptions. I grew up with outdoor cats out in the country and they always ended up hit by cars. So I made a promise in my adult life to never have an outdoor cat again.
But I think the enclosures are wonderful things. I am so amazed at the cats here on PT that are trained to stay in their yards.

I'm sorry to hear about Phoebes boyfriend kitty. RIP Riley.